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本篇文章转载自“http://www.unsv.com ”,我朋友办的英语学习网站。
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HEALTH REPORT - Researchers Link Gene to Need for Less Sleep
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健康报道——研究人员发现睡眠所需时间少跟基因有关 ' C% L3 E* v5 b2 t
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The next time you think about going without 下次当你想继续下去,不要睡眠时,考虑 8 H0 m8 T& y; S
" @" q- d: Z# b/ j1 v) Xsleep, consider this: Laboratory animals that are 下这个吧:实验室小动物被保持清醒状态 2 N$ P- L7 }/ R4 ^" B8 t u
7 O0 ?8 \' @9 `1 B; R6 Okept awake for long periods of time ... die. 很长一段时间后,死了。
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" w0 ?+ E* J- _1 T3 CYet sleep scientist Ying-Hui Fu at the 然而,加州大学旧金山分校的睡眠科学家
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University of California, San Francisco, says Ying-Hui Fu (付颖慧)说,(科学家们)
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7 i: S7 B& P8 V& {8 b6 B' {4 nlittle is known about the basic need for sleep. 对于睡眠的基本需求所知甚少。 4 G% ~ X4 ^! ?
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& Y- U: `4 y1 t9 F5 KYING-HUI FU: "We do not why some humans Ying-Hui Fu:“我们不(知道)为什么有
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need more sleep; why some humans need less 些人需要更多的睡眠,为什么有些人(只) + n# d* j# `# s9 O) }' N
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sleep; why, when we do not sleep, we do not 需较少的睡眠,为什么我们不睡觉状态就 7 }$ ^: Z- ~9 L& l2 t8 x, A* Y
! I3 I: j$ g- Y- Y& m8 M% gfunction well. We just do not know much about 不好。对于睡眠,我们知道的真的一点也 * M" S! n9 c& S/ s/ i9 @
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sleep at all." 不多。”
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But here is something that scientists now 但是,有件事是科学家们现在所知道的: . p! P' m/ U+ [' \6 |: m$ }1 `2 S
% S( e2 {: K+ I6 Y ]/ eknow: A team led by Professor Fu has reported 由Fu 教授领导的研究小组已经发表研究
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1 i" }6 D8 d7 }7 Dthe first genetic link to how much sleep we 报告,首次提出人们需要多少睡眠,跟基
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need. 因有关。
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The team was looking for a natural clock in the 这个研究小组一直在寻找人体内控制睡 + H( w+ u1 M- n& a
$ p1 q' |# w6 w- w, N0 z( hbody that controls sleep and wakefulness. 眠和苏醒的生物钟。(然而)他们发现的 2 ?. G6 g, A7 \* K0 {) d
' j3 y) U+ _; \6 uWhat they found was a genetic abnormality. 是基因异常。拥有这种变异(基因)的人
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- L4 `5 C) [5 R* {) X {0 C3 dPeople who have this mutation need less sleep 所需的睡眠比其他人少。
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than others.
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But keep in mind that the scientists say this 但请记住,这些科学家也指出,这种变异
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mutated gene may be rare. The study involved 基因可能很罕见。这项研究涉及到一个家
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two members of an extended family . They did 族的两名成员,他们每天只需6 小时睡眠, , M% T; U* L* L' r
5 L. _* a8 n. B+ `fine on just six hours of sleep a day. Studies 就能保持良好状态。研究已经证实,随着 9 a9 D1 h* ], g% P$ \- k
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have shown that over time, most humans need 时间的推移,大多数人需要8-8.5 小时睡 4 F* a' R% ^4 E& h
/ {4 [- _+ Q0 u0 L2 ^eight to eight and a half hours of sleep for the 眠来保持最佳健康状况。
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0 {$ x O; k$ x7 G" fbest health.
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To test their theories, the scientists genetically 为了测试他们的理论,科学家们在老鼠身
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: O" i( d3 ?7 l! `6 \: Mengineered the mutation in mice. The mice 上用基因工程改造出这种变异。拥有变异
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5 _! _3 {3 L0 X1 y3 Q% o8 Swith the mutation needed less sleep than (基因)的老鼠比正常老鼠所需的睡眠
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normal mice. They were also more active even 少。即使在被保持(长时间)清醒的状态
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3 F& R/ Y" b5 o' Y" O# [after being kept awake. 下,它们也显得更有活力。
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j2 W2 J3 x; m0 u' FHEALTH REPORT - Researchers Link Gene to Need for Less Sleep
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UNSV.COM 英语辅导杂志 # N& |& L& ]1 Y! q
Issue 123, Vol. 2009, August 26 , 2009 http://www.unsv.com
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2 f9 G" s8 U k- XThe study appears in the journal Science. The 这项研究发表在《科学》杂志上。研究人 / l7 R! z: n; m9 b6 p7 W! F$ E
! i7 P$ u6 L( w, e0 X8 kresearchers will continue to study the mice to 员将继续调查这些老鼠,以测试这种基因
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test whether the gene is related to other 是否跟其它健康状况有关。他们还将研究
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medical conditions. And they will study 这种基因是仅仅涉及控制睡眠质量,还是
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" |- Y, |2 ?" ~7 B6 R: W: lwhether it is involving in controlling sleep 也会涉及科学家们所称的 “苏醒行为欲 , C; E+ A8 E$ Z+ \
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quantity alone, or also what scientists call the 望”。这种欲望对于(人们)获得食物、
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"wakefulness-behavioral drive." This drive is 保护和伙伴很重要。 1 d. Z6 }( e# u- Z0 j; }
2 J7 J u+ f# L+ K7 C4 R* f! B0 d8 mimportant for getting food, shelter and mates. 8 x+ e, h @4 r8 z5 x: R4 I
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! y. S: C- r- s) d5 g1 K: r4 GHow you sleep can be as important as how 你怎么睡(即睡姿)可能跟你睡多久同样
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/ ?$ N ?1 \1 {: e& X% ~much you sleep -- especially for newborn 重要,尤其对于新生婴儿。一项最新(研
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' J. X' q/ ]0 Sbabies. A new report says images in parenting 究)报告指出,对于如何将婴儿放在床上, * C/ [# F2 T7 Q+ E4 l/ l6 O- j; M
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and women's magazines may send the wrong 家长和女性相关杂志中的图片也许会传 ( A- x$ d' B& A" Z6 z7 l
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message about how to put babies to bed. 递错误的信息。 ' A. r! p" s0 h1 T" p
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The study found that more than one-third of 该研究发现,在女性杂志中,1/3 以上的
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- ^( y, ?: s6 |: m9 f+ Zthe pictures in women's magazines showed 图片展示使用不安全的婴儿睡姿——侧
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% R4 }" U% e a% Cbabies in unsafe sleep positions . They showed 身睡或扒着睡。此外,仅有1/3 的图片所
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babies sleeping on their sides or stomachs. 展示的(婴儿)睡眠环境被美国小儿科学
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Also, only a third of the pictures showed sleep 会认可为安全的。
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, B% C# G, k( V( v- Y% D7 {environments considered safe by the American I* ]! Z6 T) `4 H1 \2 Z$ a
/ U5 ]& I" o ZAcademy of Pediatrics.
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9 [, j9 f2 B' v3 lThe academy says babies should sleep on their 该学会称,婴儿应该躺着睡,放在和父母
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backs. It says they should be placed on a 分开的睡台上,不要盖毯子、垫枕头或铺 / w e+ C1 {. Y3 f2 V
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separate sleep surface from their parents, 软床垫。在美国,这些指导方针被认为有 - w5 q5 {0 y0 A& ?
( Y0 i5 ~9 ~8 b8 ~6 [. F; awithout blankets, pillows or other soft bedding. 助于减少婴儿猝死症候群病例。 S4 l1 J. W1 [
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These guidelines are credited with reducing
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% e8 H! ]$ g# C! D: X* Y+ `/ U* Rcases of sudden infant death syndrome in the
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United States. 5 y! S; O0 @; H& R: ~
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