推出科学健身系列视频后,很多健友渴望有中文翻译。这次由健友“背最长肌”耗时月余翻译出了字幕,Jerry正在编辑视频添加中文字幕,不久即可和健友见面。本帖作为大餐前的开胃小菜,先品一下。1 A0 ]0 d, J0 J" Q0 U
6 E& Q. F; Y" O9 L+ e 感谢“背最长肌”~: h, A5 m: R$ a! \3 i
MUSCULAR ANATOMY 肌肉解剖——腿部
$ m1 p4 t) X2 `$ l9 k4 L/ J& X7 P Yours legs are a massive collection of muscle groups, joints, and bones.
. D" [( r+ Z' z' e; Y. _4 c T% yTo better target specific muscles and increase the overall strength and
) N- q9 z3 D2 X9 `, K8 w* Z8 }3 gperformance of your lower body, you need to know a little bit about your
" A0 T5 T- q/ J$ o# f8 ~ [' nanatomy and how each bone, joint, and muscle work together. Let's start with: [5 |5 P) _! Q$ P& r5 s
the muscles.
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腿部由肌群、骨骼和关节组合在一起。为了针对性的训练目标肌肉和增加下肢总体强度和表现,在健身之前需要了解一点解剖学,每块骨、关节、和肌肉如何组合在一起。我们先从肌肉开始介绍。 3 ~$ L4 i% [+ `5 h$ o
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[2 l/ F7 q+ T' C! n QUADRICEPS FEMORIS
# m- U% \- s: I$ n6 V& X+ D; K Your quads are made up of four main muscle groups—hence the prefix,
1 K# G4 k9 {$ n* F"quad." These muscles are the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis,7 ^5 J) N, ~- G3 k/ K1 o; R+ y4 a
vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. These muscles work in concert to extend/ C) d% D# y2 `1 B0 G
your knee(伸膝关节).% }: M' f' q& Q9 Z' c$ E
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股四头肌主要有四部分肌群组成。分别为股外侧肌肉、股内侧肌、股内侧肌和股直肌。这些肌肉的主要作用是伸膝关节。 m% g& H& j* J7 u b9 f1 Z
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VASTUS LATERALIS% ?: N; k; i1 T& [2 _% v# A
A lot of bodybuilders and fitness athletes covet《渴求》 an outer-thigh sweep(广阔宽大). This sweep comes from developing your
/ o% U! h( h2 {vastus lateralis, which sits on the outside portion of your thigh. The muscle4 ]( |( o) Y; b
starts at the top of your femur (thigh bone) and attaches to the patellar4 P& O# U# l- [* b. Y
tendon in your knee joint.' N+ _+ r& i' O% l
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很多健身者和健美运动员都渴求宽阔的大腿外侧,宽阔的大腿来自于发达的股外侧肌,此肌肉位于大腿的外侧。起自股骨的上部,连接到膝关节的髌韧带。: k) Q8 q% V: u! c. p. y
+ A! S9 ], G9 _) \* q9 qVASTUS MEDIALIS# E- R- K. N1 b; \( g) X
You want that tear-drop shape on your inner thigh? Then you want a big/ v9 M2 y5 B$ W
vastus medialis. The vastus medialis starts at the top of the femur and
: N) c6 I# I6 Aattaches to the patellar tendon. The tear drop sits just above your knee on the# R9 a! V) a1 ~
inside of your leg.% L" f. v$ b; c2 j; u3 {* r
你是否梦想大腿内侧锻炼的像汗珠样?这滴汗珠需要一块发达的股内侧肌。股内侧肌起始于股骨上部,也连接到髌韧带。汗珠正好位于膝关节上方大腿内侧。 : U; d* |& h9 C2 f
VASTUS INTERMEDIUS The vastus intermedius is deep in the middle of your thigh. You can't see
2 y* S8 p. z# |; I( ?8 Yit because it's covered by the rectus femoris, but it also originates on the
7 [- J" ^" N2 f3 J) v% h: q2 w1 Ofemur and attaches to the patellar tendon.3 Z9 K" Q/ f8 w3 G* v
, u. Z; h) ^- V1 ^* L 股中间肌位于大腿中部深层,因其被股直肌覆盖,故此不能看到,此肌也起源于股骨,连接到髌韧带。. V0 v1 w6 y( J+ f1 H. Y
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RECTUS FEMORIS, H0 J5 _2 T- T( i& |5 a, w
This muscle is unique because it's the only one of your quadriceps muscles
) K" n8 N( i& ?1 c/ i* \that crosses your hip. It connects at the top of the pelvis and comes down all s+ L: c! j( G- `0 ]
the way to insert at the patellar tendon in the knee.$ l, R4 D8 I u
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股直肌的独特之处在于它是股四头肌中唯一块越过髋骨的肌肉。它起自骨盆上方的髂骨前下嵴,沿着股骨行走,插入到膝关节的髌韧带。 + P) b7 {$ f" e( z5 O
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HAMSTRINGS
# K5 S$ \4 X" z4 TIf you want to develop big quads, you need to spend an equal amount of
; W+ `5 @7 _) P0 v# [0 Ttime developing the back of your legs. The hamstrings have three main muscle5 W# H# I! M$ s. h' f
groups: the biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and the semitendinosus. These' g; A+ e8 \# u# ^8 k+ @0 P5 L! A* B
muscles work to flex your knee(屈膝关节). In other words, they bring your heel toward your butt., u/ s2 C) c2 e& W: ~
: ?# R0 Y5 ]- y如果你想锻炼出发达的四头肌,也需要给予大腿后部肌群—腘绳肌以同等训练时间。腘绳肌主要由三大肌群组成:股二头肌、半膜肌、半腱肌。这些肌肉用来屈膝关节,亦就是说可以带动脚后跟踢向屁股。
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, n Z6 k- E# @( C BICEPS FEMORIS 9 N. Y7 i, q) K( b5 H
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The biceps femoris is a two-headed muscle. The long head runs from the3 c$ b- M8 g! F# j( v' B6 M6 g/ g
ischial tuberosity—or the sitting bones—and attaches to the fibula. The short8 S& j" C- Z3 F1 }. {3 Z$ n
head originates on the back part of the femur and attaches to the fibula.& Y Q, o7 d+ q
8 s& J8 U+ P5 f* z+ i 股二头肌有两个头。长头起自坐骨结节,止点在小腿的胫骨。短头起自股骨后方,也止于胫骨。. n v. i% b( C1 W! f
6 w, l" o* A3 T. zSEMIMEMBRANOSUS ' s: H1 g2 D% p5 E& P
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- t4 [8 K! O& n( f( c# N+ sThis wide, flat, and deep muscle originates at the ischial tuberosity and7 k* f4 V4 T4 s$ x+ o3 b5 y/ v
attaches at the tibia. It's more medial, or closer to the midline, than the
! g4 D" X0 q! K$ q8 H# z2 S: Ssemitendinosus.5 ~ ], T" Q6 o% ]1 f
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半膜肌较为肥厚,位于深层,起自坐骨结节、止点在小腿的腓骨。它比半腱肌更加靠近体中线。$ ^; X! D; r5 {
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SEMITENDINOSUS& V$ J/ x/ i7 g' @. t/ Z, a4 Y. p
The semitendinosus runs from the ischial tuberosity and also attaches to5 p; {+ o( E. D" C3 C, P. y5 F
the tibia. This muscle is notable for the length of its tendon insertion, which4 m: L6 G% {8 E I& `) V2 O
can be partially removed to replace a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL 前十字韧带). 7 J9 J/ z! s- T8 v3 N; ?
半腱肌起自坐骨结节,也止于腓骨。此肌的特点是它很长的韧带,可以部分的切除来替代磨损的前十字韧带(位于膝关节内的韧带)。7 R- C( I6 V! ^7 z; e3 Y
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GLUTES We like to talk about glutes because of their potential beauty, but it's! u& V2 Z- A+ ?$ |
important to note that the glute muscles are hugely important for keeping our
9 q. z! u# n# @ r- atrunk upright. We don't have big butts just for looks, after all. The gluteal
* G5 e( O- E( {muscles are made up of the gluteus maximus, the gluteus medius, and the gluteus, [2 J! |5 ~; O3 m3 d8 v. v) V' d
minimus.
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我们喜爱谈论臀肌,是因为它潜在的美,但臀肌的重要性在于保持躯干挺直。最终我们不能拥有这样一个丰满的臀部。臀肌主要由臀大肌、臀中肌和臀小肌组成。$ X7 x, U) p3 ?! k% _" U4 O
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GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
% N" ]9 ]4 B V# @; F; gThe glute maximus is the most visible muscle and is what people spend the2 E% R1 p: F- V/ g: O* ^* F# }
most time developing. The glute max starts on your sacrum (the triangular bone
) C" A/ O- G6 [. Vat the base of the spine 骶骨) and your lumbar fascia (腰筋膜connective tissue in your lower back) and attaches to your iliotibial5 S) @* s, F' R0 D2 W! M5 M
tract(髂胫束), or your IT band. It also attaches to your outer thigh.
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臀大肌是最易看到,很多人花大把时间来锻炼的一块臀肌。臀大肌起自骶骨和腰筋膜,止点在大腿外侧下方的髂胫束。
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GLUTEUS MEDIUS People aren't usually too concerned with the glute medius because it's* C" x$ r8 W7 T# t, @, g& B7 q2 r
deeper and you can't see it, but the glute medius is an important muscle. It's
8 _6 L6 k3 t5 i- K2 F1 e; d6 @a critical stabilizer(固定者) of the hip and thigh. It runs from the top of your hip bone (the iliac
7 a H4 [0 h2 ?# Y) lcrest:髂脊) and attaches' j+ l1 U8 t! s* {3 a' C! g) p
to your outer thigh.7 B" r z* K' d. T$ e+ J4 c% g+ Z
, {$ ]; h( g& R$ Q锻炼者对臀中肌关注不多,因其位置较深,不能看到,但看不到不等于不重要。臀中肌是髋骨和大腿的固定肌肉。起自髋骨的髂嵴,止点在大腿的外侧。
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. K2 f3 @, @% Z7 m* i) GGLUTEUS MINIMUS
2 a! o, P9 O, H7 A# j [. wEven deeper than the glute medius is your glute minimus. It's a very small
4 h; H8 u' i+ Vmuscle that starts on the outer portion of your hip and attaches to the outer/ Q D: H, n8 K' x* S9 v
thigh.
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) d- V2 M% {- Y比臀中肌更深的是臀小肌,体积很小。起自髋骨外侧,止点在大腿外侧。/ x! s" Q0 y# V! t) L9 F
& h# x2 F& H3 y! A: s9 ?ADDUCTORS2 A# j' {, V( \6 j5 [- J5 s+ k
We've all sat in the adductor-abductor machine and wondered, "Why am# H, T/ T5 a9 o4 x- v
I doing this?" The adductors are actually very important muscles. There
% j* v8 z2 S g' u; o( Qare five muscle groups to discuss here, and all of them originate at the inside( ?+ }5 b% }+ D, d9 M( A
of your hip (pubis:耻骨) and attach to the inside of your thigh. The adductors are layered(分层存在), almost like the shape of a fan.
* c+ H9 b+ G: V, V! N3 ^7 M当我们坐在内收外展训练机上感到奇怪,为何要做这个动作?内收肌实际上很重要,由五块肌肉组成,均起源于髋骨中的耻骨,止点在大腿内侧。内收肌分层排列,犹如扇形。
. S" V: I) a) o6 O7 y5 N7 hIn terms of training, the adductors are important for stabilization. They
2 e) L y" [- Y, v; |% @* i( ldon't get much use in common movements, so it's important to work them4 L6 D6 S/ q/ o& V7 K- |* D
specifically. Strong adductors help you stabilize during unilateral movements(单侧运动) and are essential to a good squat.0 {& ?/ C( }) Q" K0 K
8 \8 ~- `# p- I. d [从锻炼的角度来说,内收肌群对于下肢的稳定至关重要。内收肌在一些常规动作中用不到,在特殊动作中用到。强壮的内收肌有助于单侧运动时的稳定,是完美下蹲的基础。
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PECTINEUS) M; Y+ \* A% u/ ?7 n4 E
The pectineus begins on the pubis and attaches to top of femur.
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4 E! f1 f0 c1 R# C: I2 h3 y耻骨肌起自耻骨,止点在股骨上部。
+ ]8 W! S% n6 c) @2 i4 b* ?+ o# V ADDUCTOR BREVIS* b3 E5 i. {& a9 ]1 `! i. I* @ P0 B5 S
1 ?- u) m4 {* l8 G X) R1 PThis muscle lies next to the pectineus and attaches lower on the femur.0 a9 |, a; D7 Z$ ?
& m, S, M# k" y& n: u9 B短内收肌与耻骨肌相邻,止点在股骨下端。
3 h! a: I$ I( T& e, D9 eADDUCTOR LONGUSThe adductor longus runs from the pubis and attaches below the brevis.
# k. }& x. n+ r6 `. y长内收肌起自耻骨,止点在短内收肌的下方。# ]. N) Q& Z& E Q4 c
; H/ [: w( t! J) i @- x; BADDUCTOR MAGNUS9 c# A2 P+ n( C x" i
This is probably the biggest adductor. It runs from your pubis and has; s# N$ M" m6 R4 m- [
attachment points at the top of your thigh and down a little lower on the ~8 k) z4 i: e8 |# T/ T
inside of your mid thigh./ D( @! p6 m9 J# Y% u# G
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大内收肌是内收肌中最大的一块。起自于耻骨,止点在大腿上端的收肌结节,先下到大腿中部内侧。/ }( g: ?( n! a' F* f
/ ` m8 x, R! v& [GRACILIS
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, q J5 j" s e0 J& {The gracilis is a long adductor. It originates on your pubis and attaches
$ ^1 R$ f: \: v8 e) ?( sto the tibia, or the inside of your lower leg bone.
: B2 W7 _2 `1 s" Y5 }2 [2 G3 g) n 股薄肌较长,起自耻骨,止点在小腿的胫骨,或者小腿骨(胫骨)内侧。
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STANDING! C/ B0 B9 T, y8 b; E
CALF RAISE:站姿提踵
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6 P1 a* Q k+ @1 v, ?* Y8 }CALVES You can't have great legs without a good set of calves. The two main
" c( {% `. `2 X! i0 b$ d. Fmuscles in your calves are the gastrocnemius and the soleus. These muscles work
2 c' @/ b: m" I; W' `# s0 D, @to flex and point (绷直)your foot. k( X; S( A% x$ q5 ]5 g- `7 e+ s
如果没有发达的腓肠肌,你不可能拥有完美的腿部。腓肠肌作用是弯曲和绷直脚掌。
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GASTROCNEMIUS8 H5 l( v1 ?4 _# S' m; u
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Your gastrocnemius is unique because it crosses the back of the knee% k2 N& L+ ]9 A5 I B
joint. It has two heads, lateral and medial, which converge and attach to your4 J& I1 ~% q9 B" M, H1 F
Achilles tendon(跟腱) in your ankle.
9 s, l# o5 j7 {腓肠肌(小腿肚子)的独特支持在于位于膝关节的后方,有两个头。外侧头和内侧头,融合在一起,止点在踝关节的跟腱。
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SOLEUS& v6 S# _( C7 j; z. ^& E
The soleus is deeper than the gastrocnemius. It originates at the tibia0 L$ b9 n7 y. k% j" Y( |
and fibula and attaches to the Achilles tendon.1 O8 ^/ M, j B3 l
) @4 L7 G2 l9 l" b% S 比目鱼肌位于腓肠肌的深层,起自胫骨和腓骨,止点在跟腱。
! B m6 y# X$ e; VSKELETAL ANATOMY With a system as large as your legs, just knowing the muscles isn't" {9 d, d; B3 _1 R
enough. Learn more about the bones and joints that are necessary for you to
5 K7 ^; u' O6 U Rwalk, run, and squat!" F4 l8 p$ c/ \. M. ]$ I8 W9 t# D
作为一个系统,单单知晓肌肉尚不够。需要掌握更多关于在行走、奔跑和下蹲时参与的骨骼和关节。 - @/ }1 a) Y9 R* z; ], Y7 G
PELVIS
2 x& L% W7 b/ I4 B1 M3 DThe pelvis is shaped like a bowl. It ties your lower body together and has
* @& W, ~/ p& b2 C* Stwo basic movements. Your pelvis can roll the hips forward, which is called anterior
# j2 t# r' f+ Ktilt(前倾), and can roll
; M/ Y2 z2 T8 D( t2 a; ~# rthe hips backward, which is called posterior tilt(后倾). 骨盆宛若碗状。它将下身连接在一起。两种基本运动方式,骨盆可以使髋骨前倾,也可以使髋骨后倾。) I: ?" h" o3 \" p$ E3 @- A
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HIPS
5 ^1 J9 ^1 T: NYour hip joint is where your femur attaches to a socket in your pelvis.
4 G7 T; ]" @. j( QThis ball-and-socket joint gives you freedom of motion, which is why you can& y. \- d- ]) J2 u' |
flex, extend, abduct, adduct, and internally (内旋)and externally rotate(外旋) your legs.+ Z, s: Y1 ^' S! }9 B* c
; N o- o9 F3 z5 C$ l3 q5 K! ~ \髋关节由股骨头卡在骨盆的髋臼内形成,这个球形关节给予了腿部运动的自由,可以屈伸、内收,内外旋转。
& e) X3 p; P+ j [KNEES
- p7 D" c/ P A3 t7 |: z3 c; H* ^The knee is a condyloid joint(椭圆型关节), which means that it does more than just flex and extend, it can also( f* J, j' l" V4 J- y! O, i0 U6 i2 Z
rotate. The knee is critical in almost every leg exercise you do.
1 G6 U. V4 ]6 a) ]1 T膝关节是椭圆形关节,意味着可以更多的屈伸和旋转,膝关节对于腿部训练时每一个动作又要参与。5 h$ K5 N$ a* c( w6 ^
ANKLES
( ?! q% L6 g, f- w5 XYour ankles control two basic movements: Planar flexion(脚掌屈), which is pointing your toe toward the9 Z# j I3 A; U1 `
ground, and dorsiflexion(上翻脚掌), which is pulling your toes up toward your face.' }9 ?1 s+ v7 [! {* m
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踝关节有两个基本运动:下翻脚掌和上翻脚掌。
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0 Z! Z1 C" \/ j$ j* BMUSCULAR FUNCTION+ y% r7 \4 c, |' Q$ C; q2 b$ N' O/ ~
: i) W, E3 Q0 P$ WI want you to have a really good understanding of how your bones, joints,
9 K# F( p3 H% N. X% T& Tand muscles work together to create seamless(浑然一体的), fluid movement. Here's what these muscles do in the gym.
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* k2 }! ]! R; J7 g我希望大家对肌肉,骨骼和关节的知识能够牢固掌握。下面学习肌肉的功能。
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* c1 \+ Q( u. h# Y `QUADRICEPS4 y6 F7 N# h) q5 t0 `3 I0 N
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The quadriceps muscles are responsible for extending your knee. Movements
9 `; m& E, B* D! N) L6 `5 vlike squats and leg extensions will bring out your quads. I'd like you to pay, [* h$ w- r2 f
special attention to your rectus femoris because it crosses two joints, the hip
, F6 f7 f& J8 w0 S) r) C: l8 T+ h qand the knee. The rectus femoris helps to flex your hip. You can work it by' d S% M i# `4 ?. @
doing step-ups or sprints(冲刺跑).' N7 C+ w' z: G0 [8 v. G# m, t
* K, h/ T% X0 k7 Y9 S: g股四头肌的主要功能是伸展膝关节。当深蹲和伸腿时将用到股四头肌。大家尤其要注意股直肌,它越过髋关节和膝关节两个关节。股直肌有助于屈髋关节。可以通过上下台阶或冲刺跑的方式来锻炼股直肌。7 v: i# [6 p& K8 R. m1 k; }
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- b" f& }/ G O) d) d) cBARBELL
8 P" h8 B8 p% @% S1 lSQUAT 杠铃深蹲) L. I+ F! Q. d+ r& Y D
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HAMSTRINGS 1 I& V8 d& Q1 a
Your hamstrings come into play when you extend your hips. You'll hit your q0 n! s. j+ v( U' j
hamstrings doing any deadlift variation. Your hammies are also used in% x9 C1 C# G# H$ e* Q$ d
movements with knee flexion. Leg curls(腿弯举), glute-ham raises, and squats will all grow the back of your legs.
; ~: w0 K4 U3 j; C 伸髋关节时主要用到腘绳肌群。可以采用各种硬拉的方式来刺激腘绳肌群。当屈膝关节时也会用到腘绳肌。腿弯举、器械辅助反弓和深蹲可以锻炼大腿后部。 0 j( v& X" f5 w2 A& U& h
GLUTES Your glutes get worked when you load the hips. Heavy deadlifts can help
! p* |) ~: Z/ ~) l! p. mbuild that glute max, while unilateral exercises like split squats (箭步蹲)will engage the smaller glute muscles6 A: X! z5 \- h7 n- \9 }$ n
for stability.6 J4 B0 {7 B0 y# `& g8 v' s
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当对髋骨收到付荷载时,臀肌起作用。重物硬拉可以锻炼臀大肌,单侧训练箭步蹲可以锻炼到小的臀肌来增加稳定性。8 c' F: R. N A, f9 P |
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ADDUCTORS
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' S$ v$ Z; r, o7 r& k+ JYour adductors are there for stability and control. Exercises like lunges
) K, N1 U0 {' s' q) x1 ~ j) Rwill engage and strengthen them.
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, d" U: r4 R4 i& Y内收肌主要用来固定和控制。采用马步压腿的方式强化它们。
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- z$ b( R8 B4 ^3 W0 ICALVES+ b" u, `- M2 n" a' T
6 J! K! l; l: U9 o B) A1 nTo best train your gastrocnemius, do the standing calf-raise. Your soleus
( I5 e g3 ^$ F7 \* Y( {: dis better trained when the knee is flexed, so perform seated calf-raises to' Y7 f, a ~3 V9 K7 y# f1 P
work it.( q5 z" Q$ j4 A& P
0 Y4 `- a. W5 a: K0 g5 b为了更好的训练腓肠肌,可以做站姿提踵。坐姿提踵和膝关节屈曲时可以锻炼到比目鱼肌。
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KEY EXERCISES! X1 O0 C! ?6 q& M: e
We can read about the muscles all day, but to actually change them, we. D0 X( N4 ?0 H. w- i
have to do some work in the gym. Here are some great exercises that will help
0 z* g6 N6 R0 j) E6 y: z% Tyou target and build those leg muscles for a stronger base and a balanced
9 [$ S1 B$ i! I1 ~. Q! }physique.
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重点训练动作。健美爱好者可以对书日读肌肉结构,但最终的改变它们还要再健身房去锻炼。下面将选几个重点动作来介绍,有助于大家锻炼腿部,获得匀称的体质。 " R( ~9 \* c" l4 @" }5 A
EXERCISE 1 FRONT SQUAT(前深蹲)' K, o8 D/ h/ U" w7 q
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The cool thing about front squats is that you hit almost every muscle in! r/ k; w/ F. c6 b$ u( l" H' l
your legs. As you sit down into the squat, you lengthen the quads and load the
% T& p& C1 Z. e% bhamstrings and glutes. When you stand up, you extend the knee and fire your5 p7 U4 j4 i5 |& E9 G
quads. If you're going to pick one exercise to start building your legs, this
3 Y" B/ j8 ~) r" R% ?* ^is the one I recommend. It's an exercise that will give you a lot of bang for
% f; |& p7 _ B& ~1 eyour buck." i# @$ X' }6 Y1 q7 N$ t. j
前深蹲的迷人之处是可以刺激大腿的每一块肌肉。当深蹲时,拉伸股四头肌,施加荷载给腘绳肌和臀肌。当起身时,伸膝关节并刺激股四头肌。如果你想用一个动作来锻炼大腿,我推荐这个。这是一个给你巨大回报的锻炼方法。! d6 Y4 ^, }6 A# X8 K5 N
FRONT SQUAT! N ]# E& e9 [/ B9 m; x5 ~
Set a barbell high on your sternum, almost against the bottom of your" O' m+ J* {- o$ s5 ^: ]' W1 K
throat. It's uncomfortable, but that's the best place for the bar. Your legs% ^* h. F; |0 F/ |9 S# m1 c: }
should be shoulder width apart, with your toes turned slightly out. Keep your
" r( ]: o( i" j3 r5 |# Tbody weight in the mid foot, and then sit back. Keep your knees out. Sit down
+ c i5 Z; B4 T( c' {' dto parallel or below and then come back up to a full extension.
4 d7 [8 ?# w4 E; I$ x) g9 q5 x, g将杠铃放置在胸骨之上,大致与喉下方相抵。这个动作不爽,但是杠铃放置的最好位置。脚开与肩同宽,脚尖略微外开。保证身体重量位于脚的中部,然后下蹲,膝关节向前屈,臀部平行或低于膝关节,之后起身完全伸展膝关节。 * E+ U5 L1 @- L! t. k
EXERCISE 2 ROMANIAN DEADLIFT(罗马尼亚硬拉)# \8 F% s7 q2 S9 G) M# K. R
This fantastic exercise will isolate the glutes and hamstrings. Focus on: y4 y$ }# m" Q+ w( m
pushing the hips back. Keep your knees soft and your spine neutral. As you push( M5 `- m. ~( s9 s$ e7 r
your hips back, your glutes and hamstring groups stretch out. Finish the
9 c/ _5 v) {; q W+ |7 imovement by popping the hips forward and flexing your glutes. Full range of
7 r1 w% u& W; }3 z/ Q9 T9 Cmotion will give you the growth and development you're looking for.
( c: ?+ B# @. C, |$ @. ?& ~ 罗马尼亚硬拉可以分开臀肌和腘绳肌。集中于臀部后倾。膝关节发送,脊柱平直。当臀部后倾时,臀肌和腘绳肌收到拉伸。之后带动臀部向前,屈臀肌,完成这个动作。+ W0 l1 z& v8 `3 u( m u
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ROMANIAN8 K6 F" e& b( a. ?) N: b/ I
DEADLIFT EXERCISE 3 LUNGES(马步前进) 7 B$ f; v% p% m* M5 _3 O* X
Training on one leg changes the stress on your muscles and forces your
* I$ K- ^. G& D- o# [body to stabilize. Keep your torso up(躯干挺直) nice and tall, step forward on one leg, and land on the heel. Push back
: j8 w+ V4 h, N( Cup from the ground and return to full extension.
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% T2 v; {7 Q$ F5 P1 O5 W马步压腿。 训练单腿并改变施加在肌肉上的强度,有助于强化腿部稳定性。动作要点:躯干挺直,单腿前跨一步,脚后跟着地。起身,回复到伸展状态。
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: B* r& \! }; |We picked the lunge because it hits every muscle in your leg. Your quads8 q# o/ z Z4 o. q9 O
will extend your knee as you step out and back. Your hamstrings and glutes will
t" F5 E' B9 L8 q+ c: Upull you down and will also help you come back out of the bottom. Yes, you're
: Q# G- p' u4 y+ K8 s9 Yusing those big muscles, but you also use those little muscles like the glute
3 L/ |. H2 @$ A) ~$ Ominimus and adductors to stabilize your knee and control the movement.
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我们介绍马步压腿,是因为此动作可以刺激腿部的各块肌肉。当你跨出步子和收回步子的时候时,股四头肌可以伸膝关节。而臀肌和腘绳肌可以使你下压,也可以助你起身。除了用到这些大块肌肉,还要用到臀小肌和固定膝关节并控制运动的内收肌群。 ! M5 v. }7 @4 _
EXERCISE 4 STANDING CALF RAISE 站姿提踵 6 Z, V4 x8 ]8 e7 x; E7 ]7 Y
You can use your bodyweight, dumbbells, or a barbell with this movement.
. ^4 J0 T/ I& H- MThe best thing about calf raises is that they're hard to mess up. Keep your
) j& A: l7 l$ W' Z Bknees nice and straight to stretch your gastrocnemius and your Achilles. At the
( N5 D- F6 I# u0 @bottom of the movement, give the stretch a second or two before coming up to a
5 j6 T' f: ~* D; ?% I2 Dbig squeeze at the top.+ a; F8 e4 t! u9 y
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站姿提踵可以利用自身重量、哑铃和杠铃来做这个动作。提踵这个动作的最大好处是不会和其他动作混淆。动作要点:保持膝关节舒适和挺直,拉伸腓肠肌和脚后跟。动作的末尾,在尽力顶峰收缩之前,可以再对其拉伸两三次, 8 U, v! S) D( l# T1 v
BETTER LEGS, BUILT BY SCIENCE # J, ^1 S# l& I
We've covered a lot of information, but I hope you understand how6 {$ Q% q* U R' P8 A: X
important your hips and legs are. If you need to, go back and watch this video& L* n7 L" ~4 S: `" z
again. I want you to get as much out of this trainer as you can. Put this all# p; S- n7 F E! A, S/ x5 d! F
together and learn why we're spending time on our legs. To get the most out of; m/ n" b! P x2 o
our training and the most out of our physique, we need to train legs. As the) L, R1 M* V6 R* n5 q! w
saying goes: Friends don't let friends skip leg day. 1 m/ Y5 i& G! F% }; V5 a
我们介绍了很多信息,但我希望你能知道臀部和腿部有多么的重要。如果需要,希望你把这个视频多看几遍。我希望大家从中学到更多东西。5 T% c2 k2 m( T1 `# j
FOLLOW THE BUILT BY SCIENCE PROGRAM * w- I; W/ N# q4 B2 b; A8 H) j1 m
Look for the exercises and techniques discussed above in the weekly legs
: g9 z6 B" F7 ~! S/ K6 l4 N+ K) zworkouts of the six-week Built by Science program. Watch all the overview
. ^* C# u7 P% w5 S4 D# U; Ivideos before attacking the gym. Remember, you need to combine mind and muscle, {. t1 z( Z# ?' Z+ R4 c- f, c
to build your best possible body.
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